2026-02-27
Sigit Kustriyono Munajad, Cerika Rismayanthi, Hedi Ardiyanto Hermawan, Muhamad Nanang Solikhing
Background and Study Aim . School-based physical education includes structured efforts to maintain physical fitness in children. Various approaches such as non-linear pedagogy, constructivist methods, and physical literacy have been applied to support learning through movement. Despite their application, the relative effectiveness of integrated models that combine technical skill and aerobic development remains a matter of practical interest. This study aims to test the effects of Battle Shuttlecock on students' VO₂max and lob performance while assessing its pedagogical relevance in physical education. Material and Methods . A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study was conducted with a control group. Participants were elementary school students who took part in extracurricular badminton activities. The experimental group received 14 progressive Battle Shuttlecock sessions. The control group received standard badminton training. VO₂max was measured using the Multistage Fitness Test. Lob shot skills were assessed using the French Clear Test. Additional instruments included Perceived Competence, Mini-PACES, a fidelity checklist, and observations of social, emotional, and cognitive behavior. Data were analyzed using MANCOVA at a significance level of α = 0.05. Results . The experimental group showed a significant increase in VO₂max from 38.5 ± 2.9 to 39.1 ± 2.6 ml/kg/min. Lob shot accuracy increased from 55.3 ± 6.7 to 64.2 ± 7.1 points (p < 0.001). The control group did not show a significant increase in either variable. The results indicate that Battle Shuttlecock supports learning and improves technical, emotional, and cognitive skills when used consistently. The game had a significant effect on both VO₂max and lob performance. Conclusions . Battle Shuttlecock improved cardiorespiratory fitness and lob technique. It can be used in school programs to support physical, technical, emotional, and cognitive development.
2026-02-27
Komal, Vimal Kishore, Sumit Kumar Singh, Mahendra Kumar Singh, Harsh, Ronni Yenes, Sohom Saha
Background and Study Aim. Basketball performance depends on the development of physical qualities that support fast and efficient movement. Explosive strength and agility contribute to rapid acceleration, jumping, and changes in direction during gameplay. Despite the use of various training methods, their relative effectiveness in improving these qualities remains a subject of practical interest. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Accentuated Eccentric Loading training in enhancing explosive strength and agility among collegiate basketball players. Material and Methods. Thirty-two state-level male collegiate basketball players (age 18–25 years) were assigned into experimental and control conditions representing both rural and urban training environments. The experimental groups completed a six-week Accentuated Eccentric Loading program performed three times weekly, with eccentric overload initialized at 30% of body mass and progressively increased across sessions. Control groups continued regular basketball practice without additional eccentric loading. Explosive strength was assessed using the Vertical Jump Test, while agility was measured through the Agility T-Test. Performance was evaluated pre- and post-intervention. Data analysis included paired t-tests to examine within-group change and ANCOVA to compare post-intervention outcomes between groups while controlling for baseline values. Results. Accentuated Eccentric Loading led to measurable improvements in explosive strength and agility (p < 0.05). AEL groups demonstrated greater progress than controls, indicating that eccentric loading produced a stronger training effect than regular practice. Post-hoc comparisons showed a consistent advantage of AEL in both rural and urban subgroups. This suggests that the effectiveness of the method was similar across different training environments. Overall, AEL improved jump performance and directional movement capacity within a six-week training cycle. Conclusions. The findings indicate that AEL training is effective in improving explosive strength and agility in collegiate basketball players. The results support its practical application for coaches and trainers aiming to enhance performance in competitive basketball.