2026-03-18
Mutti-Ur Rehman, Sh. Juraev, N. Zaripov, I. Sadullayev, Sh. Khamidov, S. F. Saidov
This study looks at how D-stability relates to the structured singular value for certain types of structured matrices, which helps us to understand dynamic systems influenced by structured and unstructured uncertainties. We share new results on D-stability, ensuring that eigenvalues remain in a specific area of the complex plane C even with permitted changes. The calculations of a singular value and a structured singular value are important measures to evaluate how well a system can handle changes, perform, and remain stable when faced with certain types of uncertainty. We establish a theoretical connection between these concepts by characterizing D stable regions within the µ-analysis framework. Numerical tests support our findings, showing how singular values and structured singular values behave with our method compared to traditional techniques.
2026-03-18
Prathigadapa Anuradha, Varanasi Srinivas Chary
This paper presents novel twisted (α, β)-ϕ-ψ-integral type contractive conditions based on T-coupling. A main theorem is established to guarantee the existence and uniqueness of strong coupled coincidence and common fixed points within C∗-algebra valued G-metric spaces (C∗-AV-G-MS). The results extend previous studies, are illustrated with examples, and demonstrate the framework’s applicability to functional equations and homotopy theory.
2026-03-18
E. Prabha, K. R. Balasubramanian, R. Navaneetha Krishnan, Tharmalingam Gunasekar
In online social networks, cyber threats such as spam, phishing, and misinformation propagate through communication links, making security monitoring a critical challenge. Traditional approaches often lead to overburdening certain network connections, resulting in inefficient surveillance and increased vulnerability. To address this, we introduce the Fuzzy Regular Equitable Fair Domination Graph (FREFDG) and apply Equitable Fair Edge Domination (EFEDS) as a strategic model for balanced security monitoring. This framework ensures that security resources are distributed equitably across edges, thereby preventing overload and ensuring comprehensive threat detection. The theoretical foundations of EFEDS are rigorously established through propositions, theorems, and numerical illustrations, demonstrating its effectiveness in optimizing network surveillance. A decision-making model is formulated using graph-based analysis, enabling the systematic selection of critical edges requiring direct monitoring while leveraging indirect supervision for non-critical edges. This structured approach reduces computational complexity while enhancing network resilience. Additionally, we present a real-world application scenario, showcasing how EFEDS can be implemented in spam detection, phishing prevention, and misinformation filtering. The results demonstrate the efficiency of our framework in identifying high-risk edges, reducing redundant monitoring efforts, and improving threat mitigation strategies. By integrating fuzzy logic with equitable fair domination principles, our approach contributes to a more adaptive, scalable, and intelligent cybersecurity model, offering valuable insights for network security experts and researchers.
2026-03-18
M. V. Ratnamani, S. Ramesh, V. V. V. S. S. P. S. Srikanth, Ravikumar Bandaru, Thiti Gaketem
The primary goal of this article is to define the Weakly-Heyting Almost Distributive Lattice (WHADL), a novel algebraic structure that extends weakly-Heyting algebras within the broader class of almost distributive lattices. Through illustrative examples, we demonstrate that Heyting Almost Distributive Lattices (HADLs) and WHADLs are distinct structures. Furthermore, we identify and examine several sets of properties that characterize WHADLs, investigate their internal structure via principal ideals, and establish a necessary condition under which an WHADL becomes a HADL.
2026-03-18
Korakoch Mounggam, Kittipol Wisaeng
This study uses deep learning, frame semantic theory, and precise hyperparameter tuning to classify social media hate speech. Three carefully selected hate speech datasets, arranged according to a frame semantic framework, are used to categorize opposing content, helping to better grasp context than simply looking for words. The Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) enhanced minority-class detection to mitigate class imbalance. To find optimal configurations, deep learning architectures, activation functions, and data split algorithms were tested. The best approach used 70% of the data for training and 30% for testing, a model with hidden layers, a Rectifier activation function, and 10 epochs, achieving 96.30% accuracy, 96.95% recall, 99.15% precision, and 0.98 F1-score. These findings show that frame semantic theory, deep learning, and rigorous hyperparameter optimization can significantly improve social media hate speech detection systems. The method lays the foundation for context-aware and socially responsible content control.
2026-03-11
Loan Nguyen Thi Thanh, Hung Dang Ngoc
This study aims to assess the impact of adopting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on earnings management (EM) behavior among Vietnamese firms. Utilizing a dataset comprising 10,207 firm-year observations from listed companies during the 2016–2024 period, the study employs various quantitative methods, including Difference-in-Differences (DiD) regression, Random Effects (RE) panel regression, and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to address potential sample selection bias. The empirical findings indicate that IFRS adoption has a statistically significant positive impact on EM behavior. This result suggests that in a transitional institutional environment, IFRS may not yet be effective in curbing EM practices and may even create opportunities for firms to exploit gaps in accounting transitions for earnings manipulation in line with managerial objectives. Notably, when examining the moderating role of audit quality, the study finds that the effect of IFRS on EM significantly depends on the quality of auditing. For firms audited by Big Four firms, the IFRS-induced increase in EM is statistically insignificant. Conversely, among firms audited by non-Big Four auditors, IFRS adoption significantly increases the level of EM. The findings contribute to the academic literature on IFRS and EM and offer practical policy implications for regulators in promoting IFRS adoption in Vietnam.
2026-03-11
Hasanen A. Hammad, Manuel De la Sen
This paper delves into the theoretical investigation of extremal solutions for a coupled sequential Caputo fractional differential system. We employ functional analysis to rigorously prove the existence of these solutions, combining the monotone iterative technique with the method of upper and lower solutions to establish sufficient conditions for finding the minimal and maximal solutions. To validate our theoretical results, we provide two illustrative examples.
2026-03-11
Mohamed Derouich, Hamid Faraj, Rachid Echarghaoui, Mohamed Rossafi
In this paper, we will probe into new constructions of K-g-frames for Hilbert C∗-module, and we characterize them through some properties of K-g-orthonormal bases. Finally, some results concerning the K-g-dual of a K-g-frame are obtained.
2026-03-11
Naser Odat
This paper introduces a Gauss–Seidel fixed-point iteration approach for estimating the parameters of the Epanechnikov–Burr XII distribution (EBD) probability density function using maximum likelihood principles. The proposed method updates the shape parameter θ and the scale parameter α in an alternating manner based on explicitly derived fixed-point equations. Numerical experiments are conducted to investigate the convergence behavior of the algorithm and to evaluate its performance in comparison with standard numerical optimization techniques.
2026-03-11
Abed Al-Rahman M. Malkawi, Ayat M. Rabaiah
In this paper, we introduce and study the concept of Neutrosophic MR-Metric Spaces (NMR-MS), which combine the structure of MR-metric spaces with neutrosophic membership functions. We establish a fixed point theorem for neutrosophic contraction mappings in such spaces and prove the existence, uniqueness, and measure-theoretic convergence of the fixed point. Our results extend classical fixed point theory to a more general framework that incorporates uncertainty and vagueness, as modeled by neutrosophic logic. The convergence is shown to be exponential in measure and stable under the induced measure structure. Several illustrative examples and applications are provided to validate the theoretical findings and demonstrate their applicability in dynamical systems, optimization, and stability analysis under uncertainty.
2026-03-11
Ridha Mdimagh, Fadhel Jday, Moncef Mahjoub
In this paper, we study an inverse problem of reconstruction spatially varying coefficient in a nonlinear Biot’s consolidation model with the following observation data: both displacement and pressure in a subdomain ω⊂Ω. First the given problem is transformed into an optimization problem by using optimal control framework and we establish the existence of minimizer for the control functional. The solution of the optimization problem is based on a non-linear conjugate gradient method. Moreover, the well-posedness of the adjoint problem and the first order necessary optimality conditions are shown. The convergence proof of the adjoint problem is based on using a general compactness criterion. Based on the necessary optimality condition, we prove the Lipschitz stability and the uniqueness for the inverse problem under some a priori information.
2026-03-11
Eman Almuhur, Manal Al-Labadi, Wasim Audeh, Mohammad Esmael Samie
We investigate chromatic invariants within commuting graphs associated with block-diagonal matrix rings over finite commutative rings. For a finite commutative ring \(R\) with identity, we analyze the commuting graph \(\Gamma(M(m \oplus m, R))\) whose vertex set consists of non-central block-diagonal matrices \(A \oplus B\) with \(A, B \in M(m, R)\), where edges represent commutativity relations. Our main contributions establish quantitative bounds for both chromatic as functions of the base ring cardinality. We prove that the commuting graph \(\Gamma(M(m \oplus m, R))\) contains \(|R|^{2m^2} - |R|^2\) vertices and derive the lower bound \(\omega(\Gamma(M(m \oplus m, R))) \geq |R|^{2m} - |R|^2\) by constructing explicit maximal cliques from diagonal matrices. For rings of the form \(\mathbb{Z}_{p^r}\), we finding the lower bound for the chromating number if \(R\) is a finite commutative ring with unity, then \(\chi(\gamma(\Gamma(M(m \oplus m, R))) \geq 3\) also, investigate the chromating number through algebraic properties involving centralizers and construct novel families of maximal cliques using nilpotent elements in \(\mathbb{Z}_{p^r}\). Our results demonstrate unbounded growth of chromatic numbers with increasing ring cardinality and illuminate deep connections between the algebraic structure of block-diagonal matrix rings and combinatorial properties of their associated commuting graphs. These findings extend classical results on commuting graphs of matrix rings to the block-diagonal setting and provide tools for analyzing commutativity patterns in structured matrix algebras.
2026-02-25
Afsana Khursheed, Naveed Yaqoob, Rabia Perveen, Salma Iqbal
This article proposes the conventional definition and real life based applications of linear Diophantine type-2 fuzzy sets (LDT2FS), manifesting its supremacy over common fuzzy models. LDT2FS is a new mathematical framework that can address the drawbacks of existing fuzzy sets. As common fuzzy systems, however, these models hold restrictions on acceptance and rejection grades, limiting the flexibility of decision-makers in managing uncertainty. LDT2FS extends the previous study by relaxing these limitations, as decision-makers can specify grades-freely with reference parameters in practice in cases where decision making under uncertainty is necessary when functional relationships are unknown, or when data contain high levels of imprecision. To this end, the less demanding structure of LDT2FS allows for establishing the fit to allow dealing with these uncertainties in an efficient way. It also describes basic arithmetic operations on LDT2FS such as union, intersection, complement, containment, etc. along with their algebraic characteristics. Furthermore, two new operators, the Certainty Operator, and Feasibility Operator, are proposed to convert an LDT2FS into a conventional fuzzy set, simplifying mathematical processing and applications. This article proposes Haming Distance and Euclidean Distance commonly used in pattern recognition, clustering, and classification problems to quantify the differences or similarity between LDT2FS instances.
2026-02-25
Adel Al-Qashbari, S. Saleh, Alaa M. Abd El-latif, Fahmi AL-ssallal, Husham M. Attaalfadeel, Mohamed Said Mohamed, Mohammed Mamoun Ahmed Abubakr
This study investigates the interconnection between Weyl's curvature tensor \(W_{jkh}^i\) and Cartan's second curvature tensor \(P_{jkh}^i\) in the frame of Finsler geometry (or \(F\)-geometry), a broader framework that generalizes Riemannian geometry(or \(R\)-geometry). When describing the curvature characteristics of \(F\)-space which are crucial for simulating a variety of physical events both tensors are crucial. Even though the geometric meanings and physical consequences of these tensors have been thoroughly investigated, their interconnection remains an open area for research. In the present work, we demonstrate that the Weyl's and Cartan's second curvature tensors are connected by a novel set of identities and inequalities that we deduce by examining their algebraic and geometric characteristics. A series of theorems that outline particular circumstances in which the tensors exhibit generalized birecurrent behavior in Finsler spaces (or \(F\)-spaces) are presented. In addition to offering further insight into how these notions are applied in physics, especially in the gravitational field and cosmology, these results are anticipated to improve our knowledge of the curvature structure in \(F\)-spaces and yield interesting findings in the frame of differential geometry and its physical applications.
2026-02-25
Thiti Gaketem, Aiyared Iampan, Pannawit Khamrot
In this paper, we introduce the notion of an interval-valued intuitionistic (T, S)-fuzzy subsemirings and investigate some of the properties. Finally, we study under homomorphism, anti-homomorphism and prove some results on these.
2026-02-25
Jeeranunt Khampakdee, Areeyuth Sama-Ae, Chawalit Boonpok
This paper presents a new concept of continuous multifunctions defined between an ideal topological space and a bitopological space, called almost nearly \(\tau^\star(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)\)-continuous multifunctions. Moreover, several characterizations and some properties concerning almost nearly \(\tau^\star(\sigma_1,\sigma_2)\)-continuous multifunctions are established.
2026-02-18
Haitham Qawaqneh, Dragan Pamucer, Raed Hatamleh, Mohamed Said Mohamed, Hamza Ali Abujabal, Arif Mehmood, Rabia Andleeb, Jamil J. Hamja, Cris L. Armada
Within the broader framework of quadri-partition neutrosophic soft bi-topological spaces (QPNSBTS), the concept of quadri-partition neutrosophic soft locally compact space (QPNSLCS) is introduced in this research. It strengthens the theoretical foundation for handling uncertainty in complex topological structures by demonstrating that local compactness, particularly when combined with the Hausdorff requirement, entails the existence of compact neighbors and compactness in subspaces. The key concepts and theorems illustrate how compactness can be effectively used in the context of neutrosophic soft sets, which are a more powerful way to handle unclear and ambiguous data in advanced mathematical and practical applications. Furthermore, a number of machine learning algorithms are used to explore the concept of a tangent similarity between two quadri-partition neutrosophic soft sets. Additionally, the current study includes a number of studies and visualizations to evaluate the effectiveness of different clustering algorithms and dimensionality reduction techniques. Each of the graphics in the findings illustrates a distinct method for viewing and comprehending complex data. The K-means++ initialization (Fig. 6.1) serves as an illustration of how the algorithm's initialization step improves clustering accuracy by choosing centroid (data points) that are widely distributed, reducing the likelihood of subpar clustering performance. More training is required since hidden units are only activated with low activations, according to restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) activation patterns (Fig. 6.2). Additionally, the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) plots (Fig. 6.4) and Heatmaps (Fig. 6.3) might provide helpful details regarding the organization and segregation of the datasets. The discussion of the results, which can be devoted to their applicability in terms of clustering, dimensionality reduction, and feature learning, is based on these methods and the associated visual models.
2026-02-18
Salah H. Alshabhi
This paper introduces and studies 2-phase retrieval and 2-norm retrieval in the context of 2-inner product spaces, generalizing classical phase and norm retrieval problems to a nonlinear geometric setting. A collection of subspaces \(\{W_i\}_{i=1}^M\) in a 2-inner product space \(V\) is said to yield {2-phase retrieval} if the 2-norms of projections \(\|P_i s\|_z = \|P_i b\|_z\) for all \(i\) and all reference vectors \(z \in V \setminus \{0\}\) imply that \(s\) and \(b\) are phase-equivalent (i.e., \(s = c b\) for some scalar \(c\) with \(|c| = 1\)). Similarly, \(\{W_i\}_{i=1}^M\) achieves 2-norm retrieval if the 2-norms \(\|P_i s\|_z\) uniquely determine the 2-norm \(\|s\|_z\) for all \(s \in V\) and all \(z\).
2026-02-18
Areerat Vongkok, Anantanit Chumsri, Nopparat Pochai
Nowadays, as water pollution is increasing from agricultural sectors due to nitrogen and phosphorus, phycoremediation is used to remove nutrients with microalgae. In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to use the extended Monod model to analyze the growth of microalgae that have adsorbed nutrients by considering various flow velocities and levels of nitrogen as effects of biomass concentration. This model has been calculated with the numerical finite difference method using the Saulyev technique. Numerical simulations show results for various scenarios with flow velocities and levels of nitrogen that affect the growth of microalgae.
2026-01-28
Wejdan Yahya Marzuq Alhelali, Afrah Ahmad Noman Abdou, Jamshaid Ahmad
The primary objective of this study is to introduce the concept of α-interpolative proximal contractions within the framework of F-metric spaces and to derive corresponding best proximity point results for these newly defined contractions. As a direct implication of the main theorems, best proximity results for single-valued mappings are also established. Moreover, we extend our investigation to partially ordered F-metric spaces, examining how graph structures influence best proximity point theory in this context. In addition, several fixed point theorems are obtained as immediate consequences of the proposed results. To illustrate the validity of our theoretical developments, non-trivial examples are provided.
2026-01-28
Mohammed Rabah, Rabah Haoua, Maamar Andasmas
In this paper, we study a class of second-order abstract differential equation problems of the elliptic type with operator coefficients with general Robin boundary conditions in a non-commutative setting, i.e the unbounded linear operator in the equation does not commute with the one that appears in the boundary conditions containing two spectral complex parameters. We study the case when the second member belongs to the Hölder space. We give necessary and sufficient conditions of compatibility to obtain a strict solution and also to ensure that the strict solution has the maximal regularity property. This paper is naturally the continuation of the ones studied in [16] and [10].
2026-01-28
Cheikh Gueye, Ibrahima Mbaye
In this paper, we consider a Becker-Doring-type mathematical interaction model between Aβ monomers and Aβ proto-oligomers, which play an important role in Alzheimer’s disease, with a given initial condition, but where the nucleation parameter is unknown. All of this work revolves around estimating the nucleation rate, which is not accessible experimentally. This estimation is made using techniques related to solving optimal control problems. We then propose a necessary and sufficient condition to ensure the existence and uniqueness of the solution, which should make it possible to estimate this parameter.
2026-01-28
Nassar Aiman Majid, Muthanna Mishlish, Alaa. M. F. Al. Jumaili
The major objective of this manuscript is to present another novel extension of metric spaces namely; mapping weighted D-complete metric space. In the process, the uniqueness of various strictures of common and common coupled fixed point theorems have been investigated and verified for two pairs of self commutative maps under influence other improved types of extended contractive conditions in these spaces. On the other hand, a novel extended notion of Hausdorff distance namely; Hausdorff ∇ ∗ -distance has been defined in these spaces. Our second main results of various novel types of improved coincidence fixed point theorems have been obtained by applying the conception of generalized Hausdorff ∇ ∗ -distance. Additionally, various practical implementations of the existence fixed point for two pairs of self commutative maps as a solution for certain non-linear Volterra integral equations have been presented and investigated in the framework of map weighted D-complete metric spaces.
2026-01-28
Rehab Alharbi, Jamal Oudetallah, Rahmeh Alrababah, Iqbal M. Batiha, Ala Amourah, Tala Sasa
The new concept in the paper [1] of D-paracompact spaces is a well-studied type of topological space with rich structural properties and many applications in topological structures. That is, D-paracompact spaces are a natural extension of paracompact spaces in topology and provide a strong basis for understanding the relationship among local countableness, refinements, and D-covers. In this paper, we introduce the concept of pairwise D-paracompact spaces and their features relating to bitopological theory. Additionally, we will discuss the notion of D-paracompact spaces and describe a generalisation of bitopological space characteristics called pairwise D-paracompact spaces. This paper extends the theorems related to D-paracompact spaces in bitopological spaces and gives a number of theoretical findings, definitions, and properties that are thoroughly demonstrated.
2026-01-28
Anothai Phukhaengsi, Pannawit Khamrot, Aiyared Iampan, Thiti Gaketem
An almost ideal in a semigroup is a generalization of the concept of an ideal initiated by Grosek and Stako in 1980. In 2019, S. Suebsung et al. developed almost (m, n)-ideals in semigroups. Later, in 2021, T. Gaketem. introduced interval valued fuzzy almost (m, n)-ideals in semigroups. This paper aims we define interval valued fuzzy ordered almost n-interior ideals ordered semigroups. We prove some basic properties of interval valued fuzzy ordered almost n-interior ideals in ordered semigroups. And, we investigate a bridge between almost n-interior ideals and interval valued fuzzy ordered almost n-interior ideals in ordered semigroups.
2026-01-28
Kh.M. Shadimetov, S.S. Azamov, H.M. Qobilov
This article is devoted to obtaining an upper estimate of the error of an optimal quadrature formula for approximating the integral of periodic functions in the Sobolev space \(\widetilde{W_{2}^{(2,1,0)}}(0,1]\). In the quadrature formulas, a complex exponential weight function of the form \({{e}^{2\pi i\omega x}}\) is used. To minimize the norm of the error functional of the quadrature formula, a corresponding extremal function is found, and using it, an expression for the norm of the error functional is derived. The optimal coefficients that give the smallest value to this norm are obtained. Using Fourier analysis and the extremal function method, explicit formulas for the optimal coefficients are derived. These results extend the classical theory of quadrature formulas to the exponential-weight and oscillatory cases, providing efficient schemes for the numerical integration of periodic functions.
2026-01-28
Santanu Acharjee, Upashana Gogoi, Kyriakos Papadopoulos
In this article we introduce a new notion in topology that we call ‘siboid’, which yields to siboid topological spaces. We prove several fundamental results regarding siboid topological spaces. We define two new operators (.) ∗ and Φ and a new map cl θ that satisfies the Kuratowski closure axioms whenever the siboid satisfies the property R. Moreover, various types of generalized open sets and generalized continuous functions are defined and studied, and ‘siboid’ is then connected with Boolean algebra.
2026-01-28
Nguyen Van Van, Nguyen Xuan Quyet, Nguyen Duy Thuc
This study pioneers an exploration of the mediating roles of customer participation (CP), service innovation capability (SIC), and process innovation capability (PIC) in the relationship between digital transformation (DT) and competitive advantage (CAD) among logistics enterprises, an aspect that has not been addressed in prior research. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach that integrates a systematic literature review, expert interviews, and a quantitative survey. Data were collected from 380 logistics enterprises operating in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was employed to test the proposed relationships. The findings indicate that digital transformation (DT) has a positive effect on competitive advantage (CAD), customer participation (CP), service innovation capability (SIC), and process innovation capability (PIC). The study elucidates the mechanisms through which digital transformation (DT) influences competitive advantage (CAD). These findings provide important theoretical and practical implications, enabling firms to formulate more effective digital transformation strategies.
2026-01-28
Sh. M Al-Issa, A. M. A. El-Sayed, I. H. Kaddoura, R. M. Al-Sehly
This paper investigates the existence of solutions for a class of multi-term hybrid functional equations subject to nonlocal and fractional conditions. We first establish sufficient conditions to ensure the existence of at least one continuous solution by applying Dhage’s fixed-point theorem within an appropriate Banach algebra framework. Subsequently, we extended the analysis to integrable solutions in the Lebesgue space L 1 (J,R) under Carathéodory-type growth conditions. The uniqueness of solutions is then addressed by imposing Lipschitz-type constraints on nonlinear and hybrid terms. Furthermore, we examine the continuous dependence of solutions on initial data and parameters. Several illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability and validity of the obtained results. The theoretical framework developed here unifies and generalizes various existing results for hybrid and nonlocal fractional differential equations.
2026-01-11
Wandee Wanishsakpong, Sukrit Kirtsaeng, Ronnason Chinram, Thammarat Panityakul
The Yom river basin in one of the 22 main river basins of Thailand. This experiences perennial floods and droughts that heavily impact the agricultural sector. In order to reduce the impact, water management, including water level estimation. A considerable task of management is the quantitative forecasting of water levels. This study proposes appropriate forecasting models for time series of daily water level data from four water level measurement stations. The study period is from 2007 to 2022 on September. The efficiency of this forecasting model was determined from comparisons to three approaches, centered moving average model (CMA), additive decomposition model (DEC), Holt’s Winter additive model (WIN). Results indicated that: The forecasts of two years gave similar forecast patterns to the previously observed values. Mainly, (decomposition) was more accurate than the other approaches for all stations. The RMSEs of upstream was slightly greater than the downstream RMSEs for three approaches.