2026-10-22
Yufei Hou, Lei Huang, Chunhui Jin, Xiaolong Li, Yongxing Chen, Liguang Sun, Feng Wang, Yong Zhang, Ying Wang, Meijuan Zou, Qina Xu, Zicheng Wang, Tao Jin, Naicui Zhai, Fei Xu, Wentao Liu, Yong-Guang Yang
Here the authors show that SERPINA3 is a soluble SIRPα ligand with immunosuppressive and therapeutic activity against inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, whereas cancer cells overexpress SERPINA3 and blocking it can be protective.
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02682-52026-10-21
Hong Zheng, Evan Maestri, Andrew R. Moore, Ananthakrishnan Ganesan, Jeanna Enriquez, Verónica Durán, Shirit Einav, Tom van der Poll, Hjalmar R. Bouma, Mihir R. Atreya, Philip A. Efron, Lyle L. Moldawer, Jonathan Sevransky, David W. Wright, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Thomas Karvunidis, Jeremiah Hinson, David N. Hager, Richard E. Rothman, Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Timothy E. Sweeney, Angela J. Rogers, Saurabh Gombar, Manoj V. Maddali, Jonathan H. Chen, Nigam Shah, Purvesh Khatri
Khatri and colleagues assembled a single-cell atlas of 1 million human neutrophils based on the integration of 43 independent single-cell transcriptome datasets to define multiple neutrophil subsets with distinct functions across tissues and disease states.
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02671-82026-10-21
Shivangi Dave, Holly Bachus, Nathan Santiago, Audrey Meloun, Margery Smelkinson, Jeremy B. Foote, Thomas Hill, Christopher Fucile, Alexander F. Rosenberg, André Ballesteros-Tato
Ballesteros-Tato and colleagues identify a spatially restricted follicular helper T cell-dependent interleukin-2 niche critical for regulatory T cell stability in gut-associated lymphoid tissues.
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02690-52026-10-21
Clarissa Campbell, Joris van der Veeken
Regulatory T (Treg) cells maintain immunological tolerance, but the cellular niches sustaining them across tissues are poorly defined. Work now identifies T follicular helper cells as a source of IL-2 that supports Treg cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissue and promotes intestinal immune homeostasis.
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02693-22026-10-21
Kevin Y. Chen, Kenneth H. Hu, Nikhita Kirthivasan, Anshul Rao, Niklas Schwan, Jinping An, Ying Xu, Vincent Peng, Mélia Magnen, Sijin Huang, Qian Yin, Debraj Ghose, Caroline Alexander, Jack Smerczynski, Michael Meyer-Hermann, Matthew F. Krummel, Vamsee Mallajosyula, Daniel Lingwood, Jason G. Cyster
Chen et al. examine why germinal centers (GCs) are confined to isolated islands in reactive lymph nodes during an immune response. They find that spatial confinement of GC B cells leads to greater antibody diversity by limiting the exchange and expansion of dominant B cell clones.
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02698-x2026-10-19
Xiangjun Chen, Alok Jaiswal, Zachary Costliow, Paula Herbst, Elizabeth A. Creasey, Noriko Oshiro-Rapley, Mark J. Daly, Kimberly L. Carey, Daniel B. Graham, Ramnik J. Xavier
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02721-12026-10-19
Preterm birth is the leading cause of death in children globally. We determined proteome-wide autoantibody profiles for 2,195 pregnant individuals, revealing a shared humoral program of normal pregnancy and a distinct, expanded autoreactive signature that precedes preterm birth.
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02691-42026-10-19
Paschal Ruggajo, Davis Amani, Jackline Ngowi, George Msengi, Harrieth Ndumwa, Mariam Noorani, Blandina T. Mmbaga, Chrysanthi Skevaki, Harald Renz
The alarming rise in NCDs, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, is closely linked to infectious diseases. Despite growing evidence of a bidirectional, mutually reinforcing relationship, these links have received insufficient attention from researchers and healthcare stakeholders.
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02696-z2026-07-23
Galit Alter
Nature Immunology, Published online: 23 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02600-9 A protective tuberculosis vaccine is needed. Two mRNA vaccines against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection exhibit robust immunogenicity and efficacy in rodents. Those same vaccines are currently in clinical trials.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02600-92026-07-20
P. Brent Ferrell
Nature Immunology, Published online: 20 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02598-0 Single-cell and spatial analyses of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the lung reveal an inflamed and remodeled microenvironment. These findings demonstrate that corticosteroids or antibodies that target galectin-9 or IL-33 reduce leukemic infiltration and restore respiratory function.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02598-02026-07-07
Daniela Vidal
Nature Immunology, Published online: 07 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02577-5 López and colleagues review recent evidence of RNA virus persistence and the associated consequences in terms of post-acute sequelae or chronic inflammatory syndromes.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02577-52026-07-06
Maegan K. Murphy
Nature Immunology, Published online: 06 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02583-7 Lineage choices that maintain and diversify exhausted CD8+ T cells under chronic antigen exposure are driven by epigenetic rewiring. CTCF-mediated spatial chromatin reorganization is shown to regulate subset-specific architecture and gene expression programs, guiding differentiation of stem-like and effector exhausted CD8+ T cells.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02583-72026-06-29
Nature Immunology, Published online: 29 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02594-4 New perspectives, insights and therapy applications can arise from exploring the interactions between the immune and nervous systems.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02594-42026-06-29
Nicholas J. Bernard
Nature Immunology, Published online: 29 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02590-8 First contact matters]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02590-82026-06-29
Daniel M. Andrews
Nature Immunology, Published online: 29 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02597-1 Editorial Expression of Concern: Recognition of the nonclassical MHC class I molecule H2-M3 by the receptor Ly49A regulates the licensing and activation of NK cells]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02597-12026-06-29
Stephanie Houston
Nature Immunology, Published online: 29 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02588-2 Maternal IFN shapes neurodevelopment]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02588-22026-06-29
Ioana Staicu
Nature Immunology, Published online: 29 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02589-1 Embryonic senescence]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02589-12026-06-23
William O. Hahn
Nature Immunology, Published online: 23 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02567-7 Rapid sequential heterologous immunization schedule enhances B cell maturation in germinal centers, relative to conventionally spaced vaccination regimens.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02567-72026-06-23
Andreas Ramming
Nature Immunology, Published online: 23 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02570-y Why do certain joints develop inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, while others escape? New findings suggest that the roots of rheumatoid arthritis lie in prenatal tissue architecture.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02570-y2026-06-23
Nature Immunology, Published online: 23 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02575-7 We report a new inborn error of immunity, termed OTULIN-related pyoderma gangrenosum (ORP). ORP is caused by homozygosity for the R57C mutation, a separation-of-function variant in OTULIN that disrupts its interaction with, and regulation of, the linear ubiquitination assembly complex while preserving its catalytic activity. ORP features inflammasome activation and increased susceptibility of dermal cells to TNF-dependent death, pointing to TNF blockade as a therapeutic option.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02575-72026-06-22
Michelle J. Boyle
Nature Immunology, Published online: 22 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02564-w Memory regulatory T cells can shed their suppressive identity and become T follicular helper-like effector cells during recurrent malaria, identifying an unexpected mechanism that links immune regulation with protective humoral immunity.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02564-w2026-06-22
Jing Geng
Nature Immunology, Published online: 22 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02591-7 Author Correction: The transcriptional coactivator TAZ regulates reciprocal differentiation of T H 17 cells and T reg cells]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02591-72026-06-22
Caitlin S. Frazee
Nature Immunology, Published online: 22 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02548-w Asymmetric cell division is thought to affect chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell efficacy owing to distinct CAR T daughter cell effector and memory T cell fates. Here the authors show how the costimulatory domain of the CAR T cell can affect this process.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02548-w2026-06-22
Bin Wang
Nature Immunology, Published online: 22 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02543-1 On 11–14 March 2026, the Vaccine Innovation Forum World 2026 (VIF World 2026) was held in Shanghai, China.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02543-12026-06-22
Adeleye O. Adeshakin
Nature Immunology, Published online: 22 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02559-7 Asymmetric cell division can result in functionally distinct CAR-T cells. Data now indicate that this asymmetry is an early ‘program selector’ that can explain why 4-1BBζ CAR-T cells preferentially generate durable memory progeny whereas CD28ζ CAR-T cells skew toward short-lived effector fates.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02559-72026-06-12
Ryunosuke Muro
Nature Immunology, Published online: 12 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02562-y The identification of an alveolar epithelial-like subset of medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) reveals a key mechanism that orchestrates mTEC heterogeneity, thereby maintaining central immune tolerance.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02562-y2026-06-12
Neha Agrawal
Nature Immunology, Published online: 12 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02545-z Here the authors characterize mRNA-based tuberculosis vaccine candidates BNT164a1 and BNT164b1 and show that they are immunogenic, well tolerated and efficacious in preclinical animal models.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02545-z2026-06-10
Ziran Qin
Nature Immunology, Published online: 10 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02574-8 Author Correction: Deactylation by SIRT1 enables liquid–liquid phase separation of IRF3/IRF7 in innate antiviral immunity]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02574-82026-06-08
Sarah Davidson
Nature Immunology, Published online: 08 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02542-2 Davidson et al. map the cellular and structural composition of developing joints and identify fibroblast populations that may predispose joints to inflammatory arthritis.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02542-22026-06-02
Peter A. Szabo
Nature Immunology, Published online: 02 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02535-1 Sims, Farber and colleagues analyze T cells from lymphoid and mucosal tissues of infant and adult human organ donors to show that infant T cells have a unique stem-like transcriptional profile and tissue adaptation program.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41590-026-02535-1