2026-09-21
Silvia Würstle, Simone C. Lieberknecht-Jouy, Anja Düchting, Holger Lößner, Pieter-Jan Ceyssens, Jean-Paul Pirnay, Mathieu de Jode, Shawna McCallin, Lorenz Leitner, Christian Willy, Sebastian Leptihn, Imke Korf, Evgeny A. Idelevich, Martin Witzenrath, Timo Faltus, Peter Ruth, Henning Blume, Manuel Cornely, Helmut Fickenscher, Mathias W. Pletz, Sylvia Hafkemeyer, Christine Rohde, Oleg Krut, Wolfgang Beyer, Oliver Hartwich, Ulrich Matt, Rebecca L. Knoll, Münevver Demir, Jens Hammerl, Stefanie Barbirz, Mirjam Stahl, Renate Krüger, Joachim Bugert, Melanie Kempe, Paul E. Turner, Benjamin Chan, Tristan Ferry, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Annika Y. Classen, Volker Alt, Jutta Bend, Justus Groß, Julia Heider, Johannes Hübner, Ina Kopp, Matthias Maelteni, Sarina Müller, Monika Nothacker, Tessa Quax, Diana Rajewski, Markus Rupp, Johannes Wittmann, Holger Ziehr, Sandra Zumpfe
This consensus-based guideline provides clear and practice-oriented recommendations for the safe and standardized use of personalized phage therapy in the clinic.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04654-62026-09-18
Karen O’Leary
A genome-wide association study involving over one million people reveals genetic contributions to personality traits, with potential causal effects on physical and mental health and behaviors.
DOI: 10.1038/d41591-026-00046-y2026-09-18
Kimberly H. Kim, Woojin Kim, Thomas P. Howard, Francisca Vazquez, Aviad Tsherniak, Jennifer N. Wu, Weishan Wang, Jeffrey R. Haswell, Loren D. Walensky, William C. Hahn, Stuart H. Orkin, Charles W. M. Roberts
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04708-92026-09-17
Tara Barron, Richard Drexler, Aaron Mochizuki, Evan Cantor, Kiarash Shamardani, Pamelyn J. Woo, Neeraj Soni, Dana Tlais, Andrea Franson, Samantha Lyons, Truman Knowles, Shannon Raber, Vilina Mehta, Michael A. Quezada, Michael B. Keough, Samin Malaki Jahan, Linh Thuy Vo, Enrique Herrera Castañeda, Kathryn R. Taylor, Lijun Ni, Kim Kilian, Samuel H. Wu, Franz L. Ricklefs, Ulrich Schüller, Sabine Mueller, Paul G. Fisher, Cynthia J. Campen, Hannes Vogel, Sonia Partap, Kai Kaila, Carl Koschmann, Michelle Monje
Results of this study show in experimental models and data from patient cohorts that the antiseizure medication levetiracetam is associated with longer survival and reduced tumor growth in diffuse midline glioma, but not hemispheric high-grade glioma, by selectively dampening GABAergic synaptic signaling, independently of its canonical SV2A-mediated primary antiseizure mechanism.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04646-62026-09-16
Devin A. King, Shrishti Saxena, Danielle Caefer, Kyle C. Downer, Laura E. Saucier, Ethan Goodman, Jonmichael Aracena, Alena Zhirova, Anthilia Alchanat, Saoirse Nolan, Hrishikesh Lokhande, Howard L. Weiner, Benjamin E. Gewurz, Tanuja Chitnis
Increased expression of EBV reactivation genes in B cells and MS risk genes targeted by the EBV protein EBNA-2 precedes MS attacks, linking EBV reactivation and genetic risk to the development of MS relapses.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04665-32026-09-16
Feng Xue, Ai Zhang, Mankai Ju, Xia Wu, Bingqi Xu, Xiaolei Pei, Yuhua Wang, Wei Liu, Aiguo Liu, Wei Jiang, Xinyue Dai, Yunfei Chen, Xiaofan Liu, Rongfeng Fu, Ting Sun, Wenjing Gu, Jing Zheng, Zengmin Du, Caifeng Yang, Xiao Xiao, Renchi Yang, Qun Hu, Lei Zhang
In this single-arm phase 1 trial, an AAV gene therapy carrying the Padua variant of factor IX was well tolerated in 11 adolescents with hemophilia B and led to reductions in annualized bleeding rate.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04636-82026-09-16
Zhiyuan Song, Derek Feng, Naowal Azraf Rahman, Michael R. Duggan, Qu Tian, Jian Zeng, Xia Zhou, Chunrui Zou, Michael S. Rafii, Li Shen, Paul Thompson, Eleanor M. Simonsick, Keenan A. Walker, Andrew Zalesky, Christos Davatzikos, Paul Aisen, Luigi Ferrucci, Susan M. Resnick, Junhao Wen
Sex-specific biological aging clocks across multiple organs and molecular systems show that female and male aging patterns can differ in organ-specific, disease-relevant ways.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04662-62026-09-16
Caiming Xu, Alessandro Mannucci, Haiyong Han, Ruben M. Munoz, Derek Cridebring, Sourat Darabi, Yuji Toiyama, Yoshinaga Okugawa, Gagandeep Singh, Mustafa Raoof, Joon Oh Park, James Lin, Gregory Idos, Michael J. Demeure, Erkut Borazanci, Douglas B. Evans, Susan Tsai, Eunsung Jun, Carlos Becerra, Scott A. Celinski, Laleh Melstrom, Vincent Chung, Guixin Zhang, Dong Shang, David L. Bartlett, Mitsuro Kanda, Song Cheol Kim, Valsamo Anagnastou, Giulia Martina Cavestro, John S. Bolton, Ali H. Zaidi, Daniel Von Hoff, Ajay Goel
In a prospective study involving 1,785 individuals from four countries, the PANXEON exosome-based biomarker, combined with carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels, achieves high sensitivity for the detection of early-stage pancreatic cancer.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04625-x2026-09-15
Rich C. King, Erica S. Tsang, Jennifer J. Knox
Two early clinical studies of selective KRASG12D inhibitors show encouraging activity in advanced cancers with G12D mutations, signaling a transformative change in the treatment landscape for RAS-driven cancers with potential applications across tumor types and stages of disease.
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04610-42026-07-27
Ximing Ran
Nature Medicine, Published online: 27 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04528-x Longitudinal proteomic analysis of plasma from unaffected carriers of ALS-associated pathogenic variants revealed early protein changes before ALS symptoms and enabled mapping of their trajectories as well as prediction of the timing of phenoconversion]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04528-x2026-07-27
Ethan Goh
Nature Medicine, Published online: 27 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04539-8 Researchers urgently need a rigorous, task-based framework to define and measure medical AI ‘superintelligence’, because existing benchmarks are misleading and insufficient.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04539-82026-07-23
Nature Medicine, Published online: 23 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04563-8 Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease is important to ensure timely and accurate treatment. We show that a blood-based circular RNA signature can accurately detect Alzheimer’s disease as well as, or better than, current biomarkers and even predict who will develop symptoms before they appear. This less invasive approach could offer earlier diagnosis and improved monitoring of Alzheimer’s disease.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04563-82026-07-23
Martina L. Porter
Nature Medicine, Published online: 23 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04534-z In a pair of pivotal phase 3, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials, the oral JAK1 inhibitor povorcitinib significantly reduced abscesses and inflammatory nodules in patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04534-z2026-07-22
Adam D. Cohen
Nature Medicine, Published online: 22 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04522-3 In a phase 1 trial, the maximum tolerated dose for an FcRH5-containing bispecific T cell engager was not reached, and there was an encouraging response rate in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04522-32026-07-21
Cara Borelli
Nature Medicine, Published online: 21 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04536-x A new additive in the opioid supply is causing disastrous complications]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04536-x2026-07-21
Keiko Sugai
Nature Medicine, Published online: 21 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04549-6 A phase 1 trial evaluating the safety of iPSC-derived neural stem cell transplantation in subacute complete spinal cord injury, with 2–4 years of follow-up including MRI, neurological and functional assessments met its primary outcome.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04549-62026-07-17
Karen O’Leary
Nature Medicine, Published online: 17 July 2026; doi:10.1038/d41591-026-00037-z The AI agent Biomni performs research tasks across diverse biomedical fields; with further training and optimization, it could be a powerful research partner for scientists.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/d41591-026-00037-z2026-07-16
Rashida A. Ferrand
Nature Medicine, Published online: 16 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04581-6 Author Correction: Integrated community-based HIV and sexual and reproductive health services for youth: a cluster-randomized trial]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04581-62026-07-15
Weiqi Chen
Nature Medicine, Published online: 15 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04491-7 In a human clinical trial, repeated administration of an oligonucleotide–siRNA conjugate targeting SOD1 exhibited a favorable safety profile in six patients with SOD1-ALS.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04491-72026-07-15
Simone N. Vigod
Nature Medicine, Published online: 15 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04526-z Our pregnant patients deserve accurate conversations about risk.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04526-z2026-07-15
Quirijn de Mast
Nature Medicine, Published online: 15 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04520-5 Heritage diets are disappearing as food systems homogenize; their effects on immunity, metabolism and host–microbiome biology remain poorly understood. The World Diet Initiative offers a framework to document heritage diets and investigate their effects before they are lost.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04520-52026-07-13
Matteo S. Carlino
Nature Medicine, Published online: 13 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04518-z In a phase 1 trial, treatment with the antibody−drug conjugate DYP688, targeting PMEL and delivering a Gq/11 inhibitor, in patients with GNAQ/GNA11-mutant metastatic uveal melanoma or other GNAQ/GNA11-mutant melanomas, showed acceptable safety and encouraging preliminary efficacy, with supporting biomarker data for proof of mechanism.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04518-z2026-07-09
Tony Wyss-Coray
Nature Medicine, Published online: 09 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04495-3 This review outlines the state of the art of biological clocks and how they could help understand pathobiology, reduce the burden of disease and extend healthspan.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04495-32026-07-09
G. Paul
Nature Medicine, Published online: 09 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04525-0 A phase 1/2 trial of an off-the-shelf stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitor therapy demonstrated a favorable 12-month safety profile, with no graft-related adverse events, dyskinesias or tumor formation, although risks were associated with the immunosuppression regimen.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04525-02026-07-09
Jiujie Cui
Nature Medicine, Published online: 09 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04538-9 In phase 1b/2 trial, the treatment of patients with metastatic KRASG12D-mutant pancreatic cancer, the intravenously delivered KRAS-G12D inhibitor HRS-4642 plus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine led to encouraging clinical response rates that support investigation in larger trials.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04538-92026-07-07
Rosario Gravier
Nature Medicine, Published online: 07 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04411-9 Whole genomes of Oropouche virus were sequenced in Cuba from people infected during the 2024 outbreak, and phylogenetic analyses suggest that this Cuban subclade was introduced through a single introduction from Brazil in early 2024.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04411-92026-07-07
Qian Guo
Nature Medicine, Published online: 07 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04511-6 Multiomics profiling of extracorporeal cross-circulation with gene-edited pig liver xenografts in four human decedents provides comprehensive information on immune, coagulation and metabolic parameters that will help in the clinical development of this strategy for delivering hepatic support to patients with liver failure.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04511-62026-07-03
Andrea Cipriano
Nature Medicine, Published online: 03 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04493-5 The authors present a framework for the selection of immune aging biomarkers suitable for clinical trials in geroscience, alongside a translational roadmap for biomarker development to support the next generation of clinical studies on immune aging.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04493-52026-07-03
Wanxiang Shen
Nature Medicine, Published online: 03 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04502-7 COMPASS is a pan-cancer foundation model that predicts immunotherapy response, across cancer types and treatments, from bulk tumor transcriptomes.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04502-72026-07-02
Nature Medicine, Published online: 02 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04500-9 Large language models achieve high scores on health application benchmarks, yet adversarial stress tests now reveal prevalent brittleness — shortcut reliance, fragile visual grounding and fabricated reasoning traces — which exposes substantial gaps between benchmark performance and the robustness evidence needed to support claims of readiness for medical decision-support and patient-facing applications.]]>
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04500-9