2025-11-30
Ana Paula de Oliveira Schmitz, Camila de Abreu Antoniolli, Adriana Gressele, Ticiane Sauer Pokrywiecki, Elisangela Dusman, Wagner da Silveira
In the present work, the adsorption of reactive blue 5G and red 4B dyes by the agroindustrial waste of wheat husk was evaluated. The biosorbent material was characterized by pHpcz, FTIR, SEM and N2 physisorption. Kinetic and equilibrium adsorption tests were performed in batch system. The characterization of the biomaterial revealed a pHpcz of 6.2, a low specific surface area (0.0346 m2 g-1) and a dominance of macropores. FTIR analysis suggests that adsorption occurs through electrostatic interaction (Hbonding, e.g., with carboxyl functional groups). SEM images show an irregular structure and the presence of pores. An initial pH of 3.0, a temperature of 25 C and a mixture of particle sizes were defined as suitable operating conditions. In the biosorption kinetics study, the pseudo-second order kinetic model adequately represented the experimental data for both dyes investigated. The equilibrium time was about 12 hours and an adsorption rate constant of about 0.2 g mg-1 h-1 was observed for both dyes. The Langmuir isotherm best represented the equilibrium study data for the reactive blue 5G and red 4B dyes, with R2 values of 0.9825 and 0.9881, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity was 35 mg g-1 for both dyes evaluated. The results show that wheat husk is suitable as biosorbent with potential application in the treatment of industrial wastewater. This is a sustainable approach for the removal of dyes that is easily accessible for small textile companies to add to their wastewater treatment plants due to low cost, the design and operation are simple.
2025-11-30
Jingkun Zhou, Zhifei Ma, Diandian Zhang
Air-pollution-intensive industries have gradually shifted from the eastern and central regions to the western regions where the atmospheric environmental self-cleaning ability is strong, each region also corresponding policies and measures for strengthening environmental governance, but the PM2.5 prevention and control work is still serious. This paper selects the air pollution intensive industries by using the pollution intensive index, and calculates the spatial-temporal characteristics of industrial transfer by calculating the industrial spatial correlation test and the distribution change index; The panel data of 30 provinces from 2000 to 2016 were used to construct the spatial Dubin model, etc., to explore the spatial effect of the transfer of air pollution-intensive industries. The results show that the weight-based detection method for smog pollution has demonstrated significant inaccuracies, substantially compromising China's pollution control measures. China's smog formation primarily stems from emissions of water vapor and ultrafine particles generated by desulfurization, denitrification, and dust removal technologies in heavily polluting industries, where cost-cutting measures prevail. Green process innovation is significantly negatively related to PM2.5 pollutions, and the transfer of air pollution intensive industries will lead to the corresponding PM2.5 pollutant transfer. Industry, especially air pollution intensive industries, is an important source of PM2.5 pollutant emissions in the air. The paper also gives some policy suggestions, such as making a scientific plan of air pollution intensive industry, advancing desulfurization, denitrification, and particulate removal technologies for highly polluting industries, gradient transfer of air pollution intensive industry and promoting the coordinated development of economy, population, industry and environment.
2025-11-30
Imane Mehdaoui, Zineb Majbar, Rachid Mahmoud, El Mokhtar Saoudi Hasssani, Mohamed Ben Abbou, Mustapha Taleb, Zakia Rais
Solid waste management has become a thorny issue these days, especially olive-growing waste from olive crushing. In Morocco, this waste is produced at worrying rates without any treatment, which has an impact on environmental systems. Composting this waste is a common practice in several countries, to benefit from its enriching values, both for the soil and for agricultural crop production. This work aims to statistically analyze the results of the effectiveness of two composts on soil fertility as a function of their assimilation time. To do this, the soils were evaluated by physicochemical analyses of samples taken from three different soils: S1; previously amended soil; S2: soil never amended and S3: soil from Sefrou (Douar Aghbalou Agorar). Three organic amendments were studied: two composts made from olive mill wastewater (OMW), olive-growing waste (OMW + olive pomace; OW), and manure were applied to the three soils. These results show that transforming olive-growing waste into organic soil improvers helps to improve soil fertility and can replace commercial chemical fertilizers, which destroy the quality of Moroccan soils, by guaranteeing the presence of the nutrients needed by the soil.
2025-11-30
Junaidah Buhari, Izan Shukrizal Shukor, Nur Liyana Aznan, Lim Bee Huah, Masli Irwan Rosli, Mohammed S. Ismail, Muhammad Hafizuddin Muhamad, Setyo Budi Kurniawan
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a promising technology for efficient and sustainable energy generation. SOFCs provide flexibility, permitting operation on diverse fuels involving hydrogen, biogas, hydrocarbons, and syngas. However, these fuels' trace contaminants, like sulphur and chlorine, can promote performance reduction and anode degradation. In this study, a comprehensive review of the impact of fuel impurities on SOFC performance, with a focus on hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and siloxanes, was discussed. The review comprises quantitative data on impurity concentrations and their effects on electrochemical performance. From the review, previous studies have shown that 1-20 ppm H2S in the fuel can lead to a 10-50% voltage drop in SOFCs. At the same time, siloxanes can form microcrystalline silica deposits on the anode, causing performance degradation. Furthermore, two possible poisoning mechanisms proposed by the previous researchers were reversible adsorption-desorption and chemisorption. The review also discusses impurity mitigation solutions, such as fuel pre-treatment and removal technologies. This study enhances the understanding of impurity management and highlights the importance of effective fuel processing to optimize SOFC efficiency in real-world applications.
2025-11-30
Hao Liu
The discussion on the relationship between antitrust and emission reduction is controversial in theory and lacks empirical evidence from China. Based on the quasi-natural experiment of the Anti-Monopoly Law, this paper selects all listed companies in China s A-shares from 2000 to 2023 as the initial research sample, constructs a triple difference (DDD) model, and discusses the carbon reduction effect of the implementation of the Anti-Monopoly Law. The study found that implementing the Anti-Monopoly Law significantly reduces carbon. The mechanism test found that implementing the Anti-Monopoly Law mainly produces carbon reduction effects through production efficiency, green technology innovation, and resource allocation. Among the heterogeneous results, implementing the Anti-Monopoly Law can promote carbon reduction in non-state-owned enterprises and regions with a better market rule of law environment. This study expands the research perspective of competition policy evaluation and provides new policy ideas for corporate carbon reduction governance.
2025-11-30
Kanayo Oguzie, Paul Njoku, John Anyanwu, Emeka Oguzie
Industrial wastewater containing synthetic dyes poses significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence and toxicity, necessitating the development of efficient and sustainable treatment methods. This study investigates the electrochemical degradation of crystal violet dye in aqueous solution using graphite electrodes as both the anode and cathode. The effects of key process parameters, including electrolysis time, initial dye concentration, pH, temperature, current density, and supporting electrolyte concentration, were systematically evaluated. The experimental results indicated that the degradation of crystal violet follows first-order kinetics. The pH of the solution was adjusted using NaOH and H2SO4 to create alkaline and acidic conditions, respectively. The degradation efficiency was highest in acidic conditions, with efficiencies of 95% at pH 2 after 20 minutes, and 99% after 60 minutes, compared to lower efficiencies at neutral and alkaline pH values. A significant increase in degradation efficiency was observed with increasing dye concentration and current density. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations using Fukui functions for electrophilic, nucleophilic, and radical attacks revealed that the central carbon atom (C4) in the crystal violet molecule is the most vulnerable site for oxidative degradation. Overall, the study demonstrates that electrochemical oxidation using graphite electrodes is an effective method for the degradation of crystal violet dye in aqueous solution.